Art and Science in the Renaissance: The Example of Geometric Features in the Work of Leonardo da Vinci

During the Renaissance, Leonardo da Vinci was hailed as a master of painting techniques and theories, and had a profound impact on the development of European painting. Studies have shown that the use of geometry is one of the central elements in Leonardo’s painting technique. By combining art and science, he used the golden section and perspective to give his works a unique sense of order and beauty. This paper selects three masterpieces by Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper, The Annunciation and The Mona Lisa, as the objects of study, and explores in depth the geometric features embodied in these works. Through a detailed analysis of the composition, proportion, and spatial relationships in each artwork, this study reveals the close connection between science and art during the Renaissance. The research reveals that in his creative process, Leonardo employed mathematical principles and demonstrated a profound understanding and observational ability regarding the natural world. This interdisciplinary fusion not only enhanced artistic expression but also reflected the contemporary society’s pursuit of an integrated knowledge system.