Hepatitis B virus induced cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma: pathogenesis and therapeutics

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Pathogenesis of HBV-induced cirrhosis and HCC involves viral factors and virus-triggered local inflammatory and immune responses, the latter leading to progressive fibrosis, cirrhosis and carcinogenesis. Antiviral therapeutics suppress HBV replication and reduce the risks of cirrhosis and HCC. We discuss the current knowledge on the pathogenesis of HBV-induced cirrhosis and HCC, focusing on mechanisms of current and emerging antiviral therapeutics.