IMPACT OF MATERIAL HARDNESS ON WEAR RESISTANCE UNDER LUBRICATION WITH FLY ASH ADDITIVES

The characteristics of machine component materials and operating conditions are important factors that influence the performance of machine parts, including surface wear resistance. This study investigated the influence of material hardness on the wear resistance of machine components under lubricated conditions with varying fly ash ratios. A four-ball friction machine was employed to evaluate wear behavior under different material hardness values (50, 55, and 60 HRC) and fly ash ratios (0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.75%). Empirical regression equations were developed to assess the effects of these parameters on wear scar diameter and width. The results demonstrate that increasing the material hardness from 50 to 60 HRC significantly reduces the wear scar diameter. The optimal fly ash ratio for wear reduction was found to be 0.5%, beyond which the wear reduction effect diminished. The developed empirical regression equations allow users to quickly evaluate the influence of material hardness and fly ash ratio on wear behavior. These equations can be used to optimize lubrication strategies and select appropriate materials to enhance wear resistance and extend component life. This study provides a more complete understanding of the interplay between material hardness, fly ash ratio, and wear resistance.