Leptospirosis with a Rare Presentation Section of Acute Multiple Cerebral Infarcts: A Case Report

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that can manifest as an asymptomatic infection or as a fulminant, fatal illness. According to published literature, neurological manifestations can be observed in 10-15% of cases. Here is a case of a 65-year-old female patient who presented with a history of fever lasting six days, followed by seizures and loss of consciousness. Leptospira IgM was found to be positive, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain showed multiple acute cerebral infarcts. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics, antiepileptics and other symptomatic treatments. During her hospital stay, the patient improved symptomatically. Neurological manifestations of leptospirosis may result from immune-mediated reactions, leading to cerebral arteritis. This makes it a potential differential diagnosis for fever with acute cerebrovascular accidents in tropical and endemic regions.