An authorization framework for body area network: A policy verification and smart contract-based integrity assurance approach

Body area networks (BANs) frequently generate sensitive healthcare data from sensors and other devices. Security and privacy breaches in BAN systems can compromise information affecting patients’ physical health, emotional state, and financial well-being. The lack of well-defined security perimeters and qualified personnel to administer security in such dynamic environments requires an authorization framework for protecting patient data, where access depends on the users’ credentials, location, and time. Toward this end, this work aims to define a secure system architecture to incorporate fine-grained information access management. It also leverages a spatiotemporal attribute-based access control (STABAC) model to make it possible to enforce location and time factors with BAN policies and required attributes to make access decisions. The BAN policies have various dynamic constraints that may conflict with each other or introduce inconsistencies. Therefore, this work proposes a formal verification framework using timed colored Petri nets to ensure such errors are not introduced. The blockchain network is utilized to maintain policy integrity, where STABAC verifies policy integrity from the network through smart contract services before making access decisions. Finally, the policy and attribute management framework ensures that STABAC maintains a verified set of policies and attributes for authorizing uninterrupted care and services.