Evaluation of Hypolipidemic Activity of Aqueous Flower Extract of Adenocalymma alliaceum in Triton X-100 Induced Experimental Model of Rats

Introduction: A significant risk factor for cardiovascular illnesses is hyperlipidemia, which is characterized by high blood lipid levels. Innovative pharmaceuticals made from organic materials like plants are desperately needed to treat hyperlipidemia. Compared to synthetic medications, these possible plant-based remedies might provide a therapeutic option that is both economical and free of adverse effects. We performed an experiment utilizing an acute hyperlipidemia model to assess the hypolipidemic efficacy of an aqueous flower extract (FE). Methods: We used 30 female Wistar rats for the experiment, which were split into five groups (n = 6 each) for each model. The standard employed was fenofibrate (250 mg/kg p.o.), and Triton X-100 was used to generate hyperlipidemic activity in the rats. Our study evaluated the effectiveness of an aqueous flower extract over a 15-day period at dosages of 250 and 500 mg/kg (p.o.). Several parameters were used to evaluate the hypolipidemic activity. Results: In the study, the flower extract treatment demonstrated significant positive effects. It notably reduced cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels induced by Triton X-100, indicating its potential in lowering elevated lipid levels. Furthermore, the extract substantially increased HDL levels. However, it did not have a significant impact on VLDL levels. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the flower extract (FE) has the potential to act as a hypolipidemic agent, possibly attributed to its capability to inhibit cholesterol synthesis and intestinal lipid absorption. The FE is abundant in phytochemicals such as flavonoids and phenols, which could be contributing factors to its hypolipidemic effect.