Review of Research on the Effect of Teacher Feedback on the Development of Students' Non-cognitive Skills in Primary Education

Feedback plays a crucial role in the learning process by providing information about student performance from teachers, peers, or through self-assessment. Its main purpose is to foster learning by helping students understand their strengths and improve their weaknesses. In primary education, feedback should be straightforward and positive, aimed at boosting self-confidence. Non-cognitive skills, such as self-regulation and social maturity, are essential for student development and success, especially during the early years of schooling. This research analyzed twenty-two studies published in the last decade, utilizing the PRISMA 2020 methodology to assess the impact of feedback on the non-cognitive skills of primary education learners. In summary, a substantial body of research indicates that feedback from teachers significantly benefits students' personal development. It contributes to enhancing self-regulation, self-esteem, resilience, self-efficacy, emotional management skills, as well as the development of positive mindsets and attitudes. Additionally, it boosts motivation and instills a sense of responsibility. However, fewer studies have demonstrated the positive effects of feedback on social development, which includes promoting extroversion, communication, cooperation, and enhancing cultural awareness to foster an active social identity. Furthermore, feedback also improves skills such as critical thinking, creativity, and written argumentation within learning strategies.