Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Thrombolytic Activity of Methanolic Extract Ixora coccinea Flowers

This research work involves investigation of the pharmacognostic characteristics, phytochemical composition, and thrombolytic potential of Ixora coccinea flowers. The microscopic analysis of the dried flower powder reveals distinct features including xylem vessels, lignified epidermal trichomes, sclerenchyma, oil glands, calcium oxalate crystals, and aleurone grains. Pharmacognostic screening revealed a swelling index of 0.57%, loss on drying at 5%, total ash value of 35%, and acid-soluble ash at 4.61%. Methanolic extraction of the dried flowers yielded 8.32g of extract, which showed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, and steroids through phytochemical screening. The In vitro thrombolytic activity assessment showed concentration-dependent clot lysis effects. At 1000 μg/mL, the methanolic extract exhibited 77% clot lysis compared to 79% shown by standard streptokinase, indicating significant thrombolytic potential. The progressive increase in thrombolytic activity correlated with increasing extract concentrations (100-1000 μg/mL). These results show that Ixora coccinea flower extract possesses notable thrombolytic properties comparable to standard medication, potentially attributable to its diverse phytochemical constituents. The results support the traditional therapeutic applications of Ixora coccinea and highlight its potential as a natural thrombolytic agent.