EMERGING CHALLENGES IN TREATING SCRUB TYPHUS: THE ROLE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AND INNOVATIVE APPROACHES

Scrub typhus, caused by the intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi, is a significant vector-borne disease transmitted by infected chiggers. It remains endemic in various regions, including parts of Asia and the Pacific Islands. While doxycycline and azithromycin are effective treatments, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of O. tsutsugamushi presents a growing threat to treatment efficacy and patient outcomes. This review explores the mechanisms behind antibiotic resistance, the impact on treatment success, and the challenges faced in managing resistant strains. Furthermore, we discuss strategies such as surveillance and monitoring, the development of new antibiotics, alternative therapeutic approaches, and improved vector control measures to combat this public health threat. Addressing these challenges requires global cooperation, research, and enhanced healthcare systems to ensure effective treatment of scrub typhus in the face of evolving antibiotic resistance.