Adaptive maximum power extraction technique in fuel cell integrated DC-DC converter topology for industrial applications

The output energy of a fuel cell depends on the fuel flow rate, as a higher flow rate provides more reactant for the chemical reaction, increasing energy production. Conversely, a lower flow rate can limit the reaction rate and reduce output efficiency. Thus, a robust maximum power point tracking method is necessary in ensuring the operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) in higher power point. The novel hybrid optimized FOPID-based MPPT in PEMFC systems is suggested in enhancing dynamic response which reduces the oscillations near maximum power area during steady state. Thus, Puma Optimization + Duck swarm algorithm (PDSOA) optimization method is used in extracting Maximum power. The integration of proposed method ensures precise and efficient tracking of maximum power in PEMFC systems. The proposed controller is put under test and validation using MatLAB software through modeling of Fuel Cell power system powering the resistivity load through DC-DC boost converter. The validation of the proposed method is compared with conventional models, such as P controller, Fuzzy and FOPID controller in varying fuel flow rates. From the analysis, suggested method possesses 6000 W output power which is 4.8 % higher over P controller, 9.16 % higher over fuzzy controllers, and 0.46 % higher over FOPID controller. Also, the proposed technique gives higher efficiency, lower settling time with less oscillations resulting in improved overall system performance and stability.