An L-band F-shaped antenna design for airborne application

In this paper, proposed an F-shaped antenna for airborne use, which is evolved from the planar inverted F antenna (PIFA). The antenna works in the L-band ($1.28 \mathrm{GHz}-1.58 \mathrm{GHz}$), and is composed of a radiator, a base, a reflector, and a coaxial feed structure. The antenna consists of an F-shaped metal radiator fixed to a hexagonal base and then placed on a large reflector to simulate the fuselage structure. The antenna is fed by a coaxial structure. The proposed antenna has a wide working bandwidth, high gain and relatively wide beamwidth, its $\mathrm{S} 11\lt -10 \mathrm{~dB}$ is $21.4 \%$, the antenna has a stable radiation pattern in its working frequency band, its maximum gain is 4.2 dBi, and the half-power beamwidth is greater than 60°.