Calibration Method for Phased Array Antennas Based on Nth-Order Fourier Matrix

This paper presents a calibration method for phased array antennas based on the Nth-order Fourier matrix. During the testing process, all antenna elements are excited, utilizing the Fourier matrix as the excitation matrix. By conducting multiple measurements of the far-field signals at the boresight direction, the initial amplitude and phase calibration of the antenna elements is achieved. The method is validated by the simulations and the measured results of a $3 \times 4$ antenna array operating at 28 GHz in an anechoic chamber.