Pattern reconfigurable antenna with Sum and difference pattern

This research presents a novel radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna array designed to achieve a low radar cross-section (RCS) over a wide bandwidth using a polarization conversion metasurface (PCM). PCM units act as beamswitching radiators, maintaining radiation characteristics and reducing RCS without added complexity. The feeding network with four PIN diodes excites antenna elements at two feed points. By altering the excitation port configuration, it generates single beam and two distinct patterns at ± 52° and a null at ± 0°. The designed pattern reconfigurable antenna array offers versatile solutions for monopulse radar applications, enabling precise and efficient target tracking with both sum and difference patterns.