Analysis of Anti-spoofing Capability of GNSS-based Train Positioning Unit

For safety-related applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in railway, it is crucial to evaluate the train positioning performance in difficult observing conditions. Recently, spoofing attack to GNSS-based Train Positioning Unit (TPU) has been a significant research focus. However, there remains a paucity of comprehensive test and analysis for the anti-spoofing capabilities of TPUs. This paper aims at the evaluation of TPU capabilities under specific spoofing attacks. A scenario clustering method is presented to minimize the number of test cases while effectively testing typical spoofing scenarios. A GNSS spoofing injection test environment is established. Experiments with three typical spoofing modes are carried out to illustrate the performance and capabilities the position unit under test.