Study of weed management options under conservation agriculture

Weed management is a critical component of conservation agriculture (CA) to ensure sustainable crop production. The reduced soil disturbance and residue retention in CA systems create a different weed dynamics compared to conventional agriculture. This review explores various weed management strategies under CA, including cultural, mechanical, chemical, and biological approaches. Integrating these methods can enhance weed suppression, reduce herbicide dependency, and improve overall system sustainability. Weed management in conservation agriculture requires an integrated approach that aligns with the principles of minimal soil disturbance, soil cover, and crop rotation. By leveraging diverse weed control strategies, farmers can effectively manage weeds while preserving soil health and reducing environmental impact. Future research should focus on enhancing the efficacy of biological weed control and developing herbicide-resistant management practices to support CA systems.