Sociodemographic drivers of waste management behaviors and public perceptions of environmental contaminants in coastal communities of Newfoundland, Canada

This study investigates waste management behaviors and public awareness of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) like PBDEs and PFAS in coastal communities of Newfoundland, Canada. Protecting these unique environments requires responsible waste disposal practices. Using an integrated theoretical framework combining the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) theory, and the Norm Activation Model (NAM), we conducted a mixed-methods study employing a pretested survey with open- and closed-ended questions. Although a larger sample was planned, 86 adult residents completed the survey. Our analysis revealed significant differences in waste management behaviors across community types (cities, big towns, and small towns). For example, cities showed higher engagement in e-waste recycling (82%) compared to smaller towns (68%), while smaller towns were more consistent in composting (78% vs. 50% in cities) and hazardous waste disposal (χ² = 33.97, p = 0.0021). Higher education and income levels were positively correlated with increased recycling and proper waste disposal. However, despite a general awareness of environmental issues, knowledge of specific environmental contaminants was limited (45% for PBDEs, 33% for PFAS). These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted public education campaigns and improved waste management services tailored to the unique needs of diverse coastal communities. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and environmental managers, emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions to promote sustainable practices and protect fragile coastal ecosystems.