Examining the Impact of Ambidextrous Leadership on Employee Performance: The Mediating Roles of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Psychological Empowerment in a Manufacturing Company

This study examines the role of ambidextrous leadership in enhancing employee performance, focusing on both direct and indirect effects mediated by organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and psychological empowerment. A purposive sampling technique was applied to collect data through questionnaires from 263 employees working in manufacturing companies. Structural equation modeling was performed using Smart PLS software. Results indicate that ambidextrous leadership has a direct, positive effect on employee performance and psychological empowerment. Both OCB and psychological empowerment positively influence employee performance. Indirect effect testing reveals that ambidextrous leadership enhances employee performance through OCB, though psychological empowerment does not exhibit a significant indirect effect. The direct impact of ambidextrous leadership on employee performance is more pronounced than its indirect effects through mediators. Directly implementing OCB and psychological empowerment further enhances employee performance by fostering capacity exploitation and the development of new ideas. This study indicates that companies should prioritize ambidextrous leadership to respond effectively to business changes, ensuring long-term sustainability. Practicing ambidextrous leadership can support ongoing business success.