Evolution and vulnerability analysis of global photovoltaic industry chain trade pattern

As global energy demand increases, photovoltaic power generation has become the solution to the energy conundrum. Based on global photovoltaic product trade data from 2000 to 2023, this paper examines the development of photovoltaic industry chain trade pattern and impact of PageRank centrality top 10% node failures on network vulnerability. It accomplishes this by employing hypothetical assault strategies and intricate networks. Research has shown that: ① The trade pattern of PV industry chain has undergone profound changes. The trend of multipolarization is becoming more and more obvious. China's position in each link of the industry chain is increasingly prominent. ② The vulnerability of the PV industry chain network shows a weakening trend. The vulnerability of upstream and midstream networks is more stable. The destruction resistance of the downstream network has been improved. Fluctuation of the node impact on the network structure has weakened. ③ There is a distinct gradient of susceptibility in PV industrial chain. The vulnerability of the downstream is relatively low, followed by the midstream. The vulnerability of the upstream is relatively high.