From Reduction To Remediation: Sustainable Use of Algal Fibrous Mats for Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis and Dye Removal

Biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles offers a sustainable alternative to traditional methods that often rely on toxic reducing agents, offering an environmentally friendly approach to nanoparticle production. The use of nanofibrous substrates, algal nanofibers (Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/Cystoseira barbata (Cb)), for the reduction process enhances the efficiency of nanoparticle formation, providing a larger surface area for reaction and ensuring uniform distribution of the synthesized nanoparticles. Following the biogenic synthesis of Ag nanoparticles and their stabilization with xanthan gum (XG), the resulting PAN/Cb/Ag@XG nanofibrous catalyst demonstrates excellent reusability, maintaining its activity and structural integrity even after multiple cycles of use. The stabilization with XG also ensures long-term shelf life by preventing nanoparticle aggregation. Additionally, the nanofibrous material exhibits antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Its dual functionality-targeting harmful pathogens while avoiding secondary pollution-positions them as a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for advanced water purification and disinfection systems.