Prevention of Clostridium perfringens induced chicken necrotic enteritis by probiotics: A review

Necrotic enteritis (NE), predominantly affecting poultry with significant disorder, is mainly caused by bacterial pathogen Clostridium perfringens. The restriction of growth enhancers based on animal origin in feeds and a response to global pressures to mitigate antibiotic resistance, has led to an uptick in occurrences of NE. In the search for non-antibiotic methods to manage this disease, probiotics have emerged as a viable and promising strategy. These beneficial micro-organisms are versatile feed additives that synergize well with other supplements to bolster both performance and health in poultry. Probiotics directly benefit gut health and also support the immune system in chickens. Additionally, probiotic-based vaccines and antibodies are emerging as essential tools in controlling Clostridium perfringens induced NE in chickens. This review summarized almost all outcomes of Clostridium perfringens on chicken immune system including NE in chickens. Additionally, we focused on the probiotics and its use, probiotic based vaccines in decreasing the occurrence and seriousness of NE in poultry.