Hemicentral Retinal Vein Occlusion: Clinical Outcomes and Visual Prognostic Factors

Purpose: To confirm the clinical features of hemicentral retinal vein occlusion and identify predictors of visual outcomes.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with hemicentral retinal vein occlusion between January 2018 and December 2022 and followed for more than 6 months. Patients underwent intravitreal injections as necessary for intraretinal edema. Visual acuity, central macular thickness, ellipsoid zone damage, and the location of inner retinal layer edema were assessed. Patients were categorized into groups A and group B based on the visual acuity at 6 months.Results: In total, 20 eyes were followed, with 15 eyes observed for up to 12 months. Seven patients (35.0%) had diabetes and 11 (55.0%) had hypertension. There was a correlation between poor vision at 6 months and hypertension (<i>p</i> = 0.033). The visual acuity of all patients improved from a logMAR of 0.96 at the initial visit to a logMAR of 0.35 at 6 months (<i>p</i> = 0.005). In the group with good initial visual acuity, there were no significant changes in visual acuity during the follow-up period (<i>p</i> = 0.444). The group with good visual acuity at 6 months had a lower degree of photoreceptor ellipsoid zone disruption compared to the group with poor initial vision, indicating a normal structure (<i>p</i> = 0.015).Conclusions: During follow-up of patients with hemicentral retinal vein occlusion, overall visual acuity improved over time. Patients with good initial acuity maintained it. Favorable visual outcomes can be expected if the ellipsoid zone has a normal structure at the time of the first examination.