Chameleon-Inspired Photoelectric-Driven Multifunctional Memristors Based on Polyoxometalate for an Adaptive–Recognition–Tuning System

Integrating the color-tuning ability of natural organisms with memory functions into a single device is crucial for developing biomimetic intelligent systems. Despite significant efforts, a gap remains between the existing "passive and integrated" tuning methods and the "active and independent" strategies observed in organisms. Here, we propose a multifunctional memristor combining programmable color modulation and brain-inspired functions, fabricated using polyoxometalates, H₄PMo₁₁VO₄₀. The device exhibits adaptive, multidimensional, synchronized responses to electrical and light stimuli. Inspired by the dual regulatory mechanisms of chameleons, the device simulates their response, learning, adaptability, and communication abilities. An array replicates dynamic transformations in chameleon skin under emotional and environmental conditions, exhibiting precise regulation and responsive capabilities. A neural network establishes a chameleon occlusion region segmentation system with 97.1% recognition accuracy. Iterative fine-tuning via low-amplitude voltage showcases recognition, feedback, and self-regulation functions. Our work advances multifunction biomimetic systems by providing insights into integrating adaptive functionalities.