Laying the Foundation for Sustainable Design: A Preliminary Study on Integrating OpenStructures in Industrial Design Education

Background: This study explores integrating open-source projects, particularly the OpenStructures framework, into design education, focusing on promoting sustainable and circular design principles. Methods: Over 15 weeks, second-year undergraduate industrial design students participated in a furniture design challenge using the OpenStructures grid system. The research used a mixedmethods approach, including classroom observations, student focus groups, interviews, and analysis of design outcomes. A total of 31 students participated in the study: 18 women and 13 men of South Korean nationality aged 20 to 24. Results: Key findings indicate that open-source projects significantly promote collaborative learning, enhance real-world problem-solving skills, and advance students' understanding of sustainable design practices. Students demonstrated systems thinking and adaptability, but challenges were identified, including quality control issues and time management difficulties. The study uncovers a paradox in open-source design education: The abundance of possibilities can unexpectedly constrain creativity and lead to decision paralysis. Therefore, the research underscores the need for structured support and clear guidelines to maximise the educational benefits of open-source projects. Conclusion: The study suggests that although challenges exist, integrating open-source projects in design education offers a compelling approach to preparing students for design practice's collaborative, sustainable future.