Schistosoma japonicum complex: COI-sequences variations of parasites and their intermediate hosts analyzed using BLAST

In this research, I report on the relationship between S. ovuncatum, S. sinensium, S. japonicum, S. mekongi, and S. malayensis. In addition, I also report on the relationship between five species of Oncomelania and Neotricula aperta, Robertsiella spp, and Tricula spp. Furthermore, I describe the formation of the genus Oncomelania from its predecessor forms. The results of nucleotide BLAST showed that S. japonicum shares 99.45% identity with S. malayensis, 98.77% identity with S. mekongi, 98.07% identity with S. sinensium, and 97.85% identity with S. ovuncatum. In addition, the sequence of S. malayensis shares 100% identity with S. mekongi. The E value is less than 0.01. There was no amino acid replacement in the alignment results of the S. japonicum complex. There are no base substition in S. malayensis and S. mekongi, 37 base substitutions in S. malayensis and S. sinensium, ten base substitutions in S. malayensis and S. japonicum, five base substitutions in S. malayensis and S. ovuncatum. The tree-view slanted cladogram showed that S. sinensium is a sister to S. ovuncatum. It split into S. japonicum. Schistosoma japonicum splits into S. mekongi and S. malayensis. The results also showed that Oncomelania robertsoni shares 86.12% identity with Neotricula aperta, 85.88% identity with Robertsiella spp., and 85.28% identity with Tricula bollingi. The E value is less than 0.01. There are two amino acid replacements in O. robertsoni and N. aperta alignments, four amino acid replacements and 84 base substitutions in O. robertsoni and Robertsiella, and two amino aciid replacements and 88 base substitutions in O. robertsoni and T. bolingi. The tree-view slanted cladogram showed that Tricula spp. split into N. aperta and Robertsiella spp. This study showed that Oncomelania rose from its predecessor forms. Nucleotide BLAST results showed that S. ovuncatum is close to S. sinensium. Schistosoma sinensium split into S. japonicum, S. mekongi, and S. malayensis. Oncomelania robertsoni was close to N. aperta than to Robertsiella spp., and then Tricula spp. (Tricula bollingi). Oncomelania species emerged from their predecessor forms.