Results of immunogystochemic study in primary liver cancer developed on the basis of chronic viral hepatitis

This article is devoted to immunohistochemical studies associated with primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma - HCC) developed against the background of chronic viral hepatitis B, C. The topic is relevant, since HCC is one of the aggressive tumors with a high mortality rate, arising as a result of chronic hepatitis B and C, alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. The study included 30 patients examined in 2020-2023, all of whom were diagnosed with viral hepatitis B or C. In the immunohistochemical study, molecular genetic markers (Ki-67, Bcl-2, VEGF, and p53) were studied. According to the results, in cases of HCC associated with viral hepatitis, high proliferative activity (Ki-67 >20%), apoptosis index (Bcl-2), angiogenesis activity (VEGF), and p53 gene suppressor mutations were observed more often. Molecular-genetic markers in primary liver cancer are important in assessing the aggressiveness of the tumor, the degree of metastasis, and the response to treatment. The research results open up new possibilities for improving the diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized therapy strategies for HCC.