Application and Development Prospects of Activated Carbon in Heavy Metal Pollution Treatment

Heavy metal pollution is a serious environmental problem facing the world, posing a serious threat to human health and ecosystems. Activated carbon has attracted much attention due to its ability to adsorb heavy metals efficiently. In this paper, the preparation process of activated carbon is exhaustively described, including the generation of biochar from biomass feedstock and the preparation of activated carbon by physical and chemical activation. Due to its rich pore structure and surface functional groups, activated carbon exhibits excellent heavy metal adsorption properties. Subsequently, the article discusses heavy metal pollution and its treatment technologies, with special emphasis on the application of activated carbon in the removal of heavy metals from water, soil and atmosphere. The application of activated carbon in heavy metal pollution management is promising and is expected to make significant contributions to global environmental remediation in the future.