Research on a lightweight design method based on bidirectional evolutionary genetic structural optimizition algorithm

Lightweight design is an eternal theme in the development of aerospace equipment, which has a decisive impact on the comprehensive performance and service efficiency of the equipment. With the continuous increase in the number and volume of space missions, the effective load ratio of satellites is becoming increasingly important, which puts higher requirements on the lightweight design of optoelectronic payloads on satellites. This paper proposes a hybrid topology optimization algorithm that combines genetic algorithm and bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) to achieve the goal of lightweight by obtaining a cluster of topology optimal solutions. The combination of genetic algorithm and BESO algorithm means that the new algorithm has the advantages of both the global search ability of genetic algorithm and the accurate solution of BESO algorithm. Through simulation analysis , this new hybrid algorithm can remove 18.4% of the inefficient material of the U-shaped bracket designed by the empirical method of photoelectric load, and increase its first natural frequency by 37.17Hz,Under the action of random vibration in the X direction, the maximum deformation is relatively increased by1.3% and the maximum stress value is relatively reduced by 20.02%. Under the action of random vibration test in the Y direction, the maximum deformation is relatively reduced by 16.3% and the maximum stress value is relatively reduced by 10.13%. Under the action of random vibration test in the Z direction, the maximum deformation is relatively reduced by 24.4% and the maximum stress value is relatively reduced by 31.15%.It can be seen that the U-shaped bracket optimized by topology has significantly improved its dynamic characteristics with reduced weight, which proves the correctness of the topology optimization algorithm.