Identification and Spatial Differentiation of Priority Reserves for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Guizhou Province

<p indent="0mm">Identifying priority protected areas based on biodiversity and ecosystem services is crucial for ecological planning and sustainable development. Guizhou is an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River, with a complex ecosystem and rich biodiversity. However, most studies delineated protected areas based on a single target of biodiversity or ecosystem services, often neglecting the combination of the two. Therefore, taking Guizhou Province as an example, this article determines priority protected areas based on dual objectives by combining biodiversity and three different ecosystem services. The results show that the priority protected areas for biodiversity are in the southwest of Guizhou Province, and the priority protected areas for ecosystem services are in the eastern region; The overlap of priority protected areas between the two is mainly concentrated in the central part of Tongren, Qiannan, and Qiandongnan, with a spatial overlap area of 10.88%; The priority protection area for biodiversity is relatively large (49.7%), while the protection area for ecosystem services is relatively small (19.5%). In the Qiandongnan, Qiannan, and Bijie regions, new protected areas can be built and existing protected areas can be expanded in the future. The establishment of protected areas should consider the combination of biodiversity and ecosystem services, and the results can provide reference for the development and utilization of natural resources, sustainable development, and the expansion of protected areas.