DETECTION METHOD OF TUNNEL SURROUNDING ROCK LEAKAGE CHANNEL BASED ON IMPROVED CHAOTIC PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

Leakage channels in the tunnel lining and surrounding rock can cause water seepage on the tunnel walls, significantly impacting the safety and stability of tunnel operations. Therefore, precise detection of leakage channels within the tunnel lining and surrounding rock is essential for maintaining tunnel safety. In this paper, based on the theory of natural potential field exploration, the distribution of electric potential on the tunnel walls is investigated. An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is applied to invert the spatial charge distribution within the tunnel lining and surrounding rock. The distribution of spatial charges is used to infer the location and direction of leakage channels within the tunnel lining and surrounding rock, providing guidance for accurate remediation measures. The research results show that the variance of charge distribution in the forward modeling inversion is 1.58%, and in the inversion of measured data, the variance is 7.6%. The inverted results display charge anomaly regions consistent with the actual locations of leakage channels.