Energy Management and Hosting Capacity Evaluation of a Hybrid AC-DC Micro Grid Including Photovoltaic Units and Battery Energy Storage Systems

Renewable energy sources must be scheduled to manage power flow and load demand. Photovoltaic power generation is usually connected to power distribution networks and is not designed to add significant amounts of production in the event of increased electricity demand. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the generated capacity (i.e., hosting capacity) to meet the expansion in demand. This paper discussed two topics; the first is how to create an energy management strategy (EMS) for a hybrid micro-grid containing photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage system (BESS). A model was created within the MATLAB program through which the charging and discharging process of the BESS was managed, and the energy source was through PV. The model is connected to the leading network, where the m.file is linked to the model to control variable settings. This was carried out by using a logical–numerical modeling method. The second topic discussed how to evaluate hosting capacity (HC) without causing the network to collapse. This was achieved by choosing the best location and size for the PV. This study relied on the use of two algorithms, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Harris hawks optimization (HHO). The fast decoupled load Flow (FDPF) method was adopted in the network analysis and finally the results of the two algorithms were compared.