Universality of closed nested paths in two-dimensional percolation
Recent work on percolation in d=2 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> [J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 55, 204002 (2015)] introduced an operator that gives a weight k^{\ell} <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:math> to configurations with \ell <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi> </mml:math> ‘nested paths’ (NP), i.e. disjoint cycles surrounding the origin, if there exists a cluster that percolates to the boundary of a disc of radius L <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> </mml:math> , and weight zero otherwise. It was found that \mathbb{E}(k^{\ell}) \sim L^{-X_{NP}(k)} <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mstyle mathvariant="double-struck"> <mml:mi>𝔼</mml:mi> </mml:mstyle> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and a formula for X_{NP}(k) <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> was conjectured. Here we derive an exact result for X_{NP}(k) <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , valid for k ≥ -1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , replacing the previous conjecture. We find that the probability distribution \mathbb{P}_\ell (L) <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mstyle mathvariant="double-struck"> <mml:mi>ℙ</mml:mi> </mml:mstyle> <mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> scales as $ L^{-1/4} (L)^ℓ[(1/ℓ!) Λ^ℓ]$ when \ell ≥ 0 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and L \gg 1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≫</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , with \Lambda = 1/\sqrt{3} \pi <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math>
Authors
- Jesper Lykke Jacobsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7615-2874)
- Bernard Nienhuis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3953-5841)
- Youjin Deng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9743-4013)
- Andrea Sportiello (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-3954)
- Yu-Feng Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0890-8952)
Institutions
- University of Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Université Paris Cité (FR)
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR)
- Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (FR)
- Université Paris-Saclay (FR)
- CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay (FR)
- Minjiang University (CN)
- Sorbonne Université (FR)
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord (FR)
- École Normale Supérieure (BI)
- CEA Paris-Saclay (FR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- SciPost Physics
- Published
- 2025-02-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.21468/scipostphys.18.2.057
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Theoretical and Computational Physics
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.52
Funders
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
- European Research Council