Potential Health Risk of Dust from Stone Mill Industries

Stone mill operations contribute significantly to air pollution and increase health risks not only for workers but also for nearby communities. This study aimed to assess the health impacts of stone mill industries on nearby residents. The research was conducted in two areas: a primary region with a high number of stone mills and an area without stone mills. A questionnaire-based survey was employed, and potential health risks were evaluated using the hazard quotient (HQ) method. Total suspended particulates (TSPs) and particulate matter-10 micron (PM10) were analyzed as hazard factors based on monitoring data from seven stone mills collected between 2008 and 2021. The study found that residents in major stone mill areas reported higher hazard quotients (HQs) than those living farther from the mills, with a statistically significant association (p < 0.01). Seasonal variations also influenced dust distribution, with the highest TSP and PM10 levels recorded during winter, exacerbating health risks for local populations. This study highlights the need for improved community settlement planning, consideration of meteorological conditions, regulatory interventions by relevant agencies, and enhancements in environmental monitoring systems to mitigate the adverse health effects of stone mill operations.