Lithium Borate-Squarate: An Organic–Inorganic Groups-Mixed Nonlinear Optical Crystal with Large Birefringence
To design new nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals efficiently, mixing two or more types of functional groups is a favored strategy. Herein, by combining two types of planar π-conjugate groups, triangular (BO<sub>3</sub>)<sup>3-</sup> and square (C<sub>4</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)<sup>2-</sup>, the new lithium borate-squarate composite NLO crystal Li<sub>2</sub>(C<sub>4</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)(H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub>)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>·H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub> was synthesized, featuring a layered structure. This crystal exhibits a moderate second harmonic generation (SHG) response of 1.1 × KDP and a large birefringence of 0.267@1064 nm. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the synergistic effect of the two types of groups is responsible for its optical performance. This work also enriches the currently scarce borate-squarate composite compound system.
Authors
- Zhanggui Hu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0704-6105)
- Yuchen Yan
- Guang Peng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2092-8020)
- Jindong Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3940-9968)
- Xin Wen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1937-1875)
- Zhiyong Xue
- Ning Ye (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-4047)
- Jiyang Wang
Institutions
- Tianjin University of Technology (CN)
- Shandong University (CN)
- Crystal Research (United States) (US)
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
Publication Details
- Journal
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Published
- 2025-02-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c05604
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Crystal Structures and Properties
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.85
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City
- National Key Research and Development Program of China