ANALYSIS OF NOUNS EXPRESSING NATURAL PHENOMENA WITH THE “N+V+ung” STRUCTURE IN THE GERMAN LANGUAGE

This article examines the morphological and semantic structure of nouns that describe natural phenomena in the German language. The study focuses on compound nouns formed with the Noun + Verb + “-ung” suffix structure. Six key nouns are analyzed: Eisbildung (formation of ice), Sonnenstrahlung (solar radiation), Gebirgsbildung (formation of a mountain range), Morgendämmerung (dawn), Abenddämmerung (dusk), and Tierwanderung (animal migration). The research explores the structural components of these nouns, their semantic relationships, synonyms, and antonyms. The findings demonstrate that these compound nouns not only convey precise meanings but also exemplify the productive word formation mechanisms in the German language. KEYWORDS: compound nouns, German language, semantics, morphology, word formation, natural phenomena, “-ung” suffix, synonymy, antonymy.