Camera Integrated MIMO Antenna with Radiation Pattern and Polarization Diversity

This paper presents an ultra-compact, camera-integrated MIMO antenna with polarization diversity, operating at 868 MHz and encapsulated within a pill-sized capsule for wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) applications. The antenna is designed on a Roger RO3010 substrate with a relative permittivity ∊<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ϒ</inf> of 10.2 and a thickness of 0.635 mm, situated inside a homogeneous human muscle layer. Comprehensive numerical analysis demonstrates that the antenna maintains robust impedance and radiation performance with polarization diversity across various body tissues. To ensure the safety of our design for human use, we evaluated the specific absorption rate (SAR) in various human body tissues and confirmed that our results comply with the safety limits established by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) standards.