A Low-Loss and Low-Dispersion Photonic Crystal Fiber for Optical Transmission Systems

In this paper, to reduce the loss and dispersion of photonic crystal fibers, a design consisting of six layers of holes is presented. The radius of the air holes varies from 0.21 to 0.7 $\mu \mathrm{m}$ from the core outwards. The refractive index of 1.41 obtained from simulation and the spatial distribution function of the electric field intensity in the core shows that proper confinement occurred in the fiber and a loss of $3.34 \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{~dB}. \mathrm{cm}^{-}$<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> for a wavelength of 1550 nm confirmed this. The dispersion value of $0.026 \mathrm{ps}. \mathrm{nm}^{-1} \cdot \mathrm{~km}^{-1}$ at the mentioned wavelength showed that the proposed design performs better compared to recent research. The effective surface area in this case equals $7.93 \mu \mathrm{~m}^{2}$. The use of circular holes in the designed structure helps simplify the fabrication process.