Enhancing energy governance: 3E analyses of solar organic rankine cycles with vacuum spiral cavity receiver

• Introduction of a novel solar ORC system utilizing innovative vacuum spiral cavity receivers. • Research conducted in Tehran, Iran, emphasizes solar ORC systems for energy governance. • Solar dish concentrator peaked at 8000 w and 115 °C in june 2020, tracking solar patterns. • Exergy gain and efficiency increased with temperature, reaching 22 % at 120 °C and 1400 w. • June 2020 CO2 emissions: 40.53 tons for solar and 25.89 tons for the solar ORC system. This research presents an innovative solar Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system that employs Energy, Exergy, and Environmental analyses, featuring a novel dish collector with a vacuum spiral cavity receiver. Conducted in Tehran, Iran, in 2020, the study demonstrates the significant role of solar ORC systems in enhancing sustainable energy governance. Key findings show that the solar dish concentrator's performance, including cavity heat gain and working fluid outlet temperature, followed seasonal patterns, peaking in June 2020 at around 8000 W and 115 °C. Exergy gain and efficiency increased with higher inlet temperatures, achieving approximately 1400 W and 22 % at 120 °C, while thermal output peaked at 6100 W with an overall efficiency of 77 % at 60 °C. Additionally, CO2 emissions reached a high of 40.53 tons from the solar system and 25.89 tons from the ORC system in June 2020, aligning with the highest recorded carbon credits of $587.74 for the dish collector and $375.36 for the ORC system. This research highlights the potential of solar thermal power, particularly through advanced technologies like the vacuum spiral cavity dish collector, to facilitate sustainable energy transitions and strengthen energy governance amidst growing demands for clean energy.