Detection of RS Oph with LST-1 and modelling of its HE/VHE gamma-ray emission
Context. The recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi (RS Oph) underwent a thermonuclear eruption in August 2021. In this event, RS Oph was detected by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC), and the first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) at very-high gamma-ray energies above 100 GeV. This means that novae are a new class of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitters. Aims. We report the analysis of the RS Oph observations with LST-1. We constrain the particle population that causes the observed emission in hadronic and leptonic scenarios. Additionally, we study the prospects of detecting further novae using LST-1 and the upcoming LST array of CTAO-North. Methods. We conducted target-of-opportunity observations with LST-1 from the first day of this nova event. The data were analysed in the framework of cta-lstchain and Gammapy , the official CTAO-LST reconstruction and analysis packages. One-zone hadronic and leptonic models were considered to model the gamma-ray emission of RS Oph using the spectral information from Fermi -LAT and LST-1, together with public data from the MAGIC and H.E.S.S. telescopes. Results. RS Oph was detected at 6.6 σ with LST-1 in the first 6.35 hours of observations following the eruption. The hadronic scenario is preferred over the leptonic scenario considering a proton energy spectrum with a power-law model with an exponential cutoff whose position increases from (0.26 ± 0.08) TeV on day 1 up to (1.6 ± 0.6) TeV on day 4 after the eruption. The deep sensitivity and low energy threshold of the LST-1/LST array will allow us to detect faint novae and increase their discovery rate.
Authors
- A. Hahn
- P. Romano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0258-7469)
- M. Linhoff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7993-8189)
- Patrick Günther (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9135-7819)
- M. Martínez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6257-6921)
- Alan Sunny
- M. Seglar-Arroyo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-409X)
- P. Majumdar
- D. Hoffmann
- I. Vovk
- M. Pech
- A. K. H. Kong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5105-344X)
- J. Sitarek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1659-5374)
- Matteo Balbo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6556-3344)
- Pedro L. Luque‐Escamilla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3306-9456)
- O. Blanch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-1633)
- K. Hirotani
- O. Kalashev (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7982-1842)
- R. Walter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2362-4433)
- Natalia Żywucka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2644-6441)
- F. Schüßler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1500-6571)
- Irene Burelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8383-2202)
- M. Heller
- V. Vitale
- Georgios Gerasimos Voutsinas
- P. Bordas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0266-8536)
- Marine Pihet (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4691-3866)
- E. Molina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1204-5516)
- H. Muraishi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3054-5725)
- Francesco Gabriele Saturni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-7706)
- Michael Dellaiera (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5221-0240)
- Alvaro Mas-Aguilar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8893-9009)
- K. Mannheim
- Juliane van Scherpenberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6173-867X)
- Dalibor Nosek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6219-200X)
- Mathieu de Bony de Lavergne (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4650-1666)
- S. Abe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7250-3596)
- D. Horns
- P. Temnikov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-3384)
- Y. Fukazawa
- R. Yamazaki
- Gonzalo Rodriguez Fernandez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4683-230X)
- T. Šarić
- Hidetoshi Sano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-5692)
- Kazunori Kohri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3764-8612)
- M. Mariotti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3297-4128)
- Ivana Batković (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-2542)
- C. Delgado Mendez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7014-4101)
- Jarred Gershon Green (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1130-6692)
- A. Iuliano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6087-9633)
- Thomas Vuillaume (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5686-2078)
- Daniel Morcuende (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9400-0922)
- M. Strzys
- R. Rando (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6992-818X)
- Y. Terada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2359-1857)
- R. Paoletti
- Gabriel Emery (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6155-4742)
- Stefano Marchesi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5544-0749)
- V. Sliusar
- Laura Eisenberger
- S. Sakurai
- Sreedevi K. Menon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-4950)
- Fuyuki Tokanai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-3882)
- Aya Bamba (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0890-4920)
- Thomas Siegert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0552-3535)
- T. Miener
- J. Baxter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9545-794X)
- U. Barres de Almeida (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7909-588X)
- V. Savchenko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6353-0808)
- Y. Kobayashi
- G. Lamanna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2307-0023)
- C. Bigongiari (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3293-8522)
- E. Bernardini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3108-1141)
- F. Dazzi
- C. Gasbarra (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8335-9614)
- A. López-Oramas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4603-1884)
- A. Neronov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6748-368X)
- F. Podobnik (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-9487)
- Cyril Martin Alispach
- R. Grau (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1891-6290)
- J. A. Barrio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0965-0259)
- S. Rainò (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9181-0345)
- Stefan Fröse (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1832-4129)
- E. Ruiz-Velasco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6939-7825)
- A. Moralejo
- Kunihito Ioka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3517-1956)
- Jan Lukas Schubert
- Giulio Manicò (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6428-1871)
- Mirko Bunse (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5515-6278)
- V. Fallah Ramazani
- L. del Peral (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-5668)
- Estelle Pons (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-9811)
- Andrés Baquero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-5826)
- Patricia Márquez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9591-7967)
- Jorge Otero-Santos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4241-5875)
- R. Takeishi
- Jelena Strišković (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2902-5044)
- E. Prandini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4502-9053)
- A. Donini
- M. Ribó (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9931-4557)
- C. Vigorito (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0069-9195)
- E. Bissaldi
- P. Trávnı́ček (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1655-9584)
- V. Rizi
- Mario Pecimotika (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4699-1845)
- Ambra Di Piano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9894-7491)
- B. De Lotto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-4480)
- Sofia Ventura (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7065-5342)
- T. Yamamoto
- M. Prouza
- J. M. Paredes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1566-9044)
- I. Agudo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3777-6182)
- T. Terzić (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4209-3407)
- Antonio Tutone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-0001)
- D. Doré (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2540-7627)
- Nuria Álvarez Crespo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5099-7169)
- G. Verna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5916-9028)
- K. Terauchi
- S. Caroff
- J. Delgado (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0166-5464)
- Davide Miceli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2686-0098)
- T. Nakamori
- M. Nievas Rosillo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8321-9168)
- Martin Vacula (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-3962)
- Diego F. Torres (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1522-9065)
- Wei Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8134-6908)
- Vladimír Novotný (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4319-4541)
- A. De Angelis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3288-2517)
- V. Karas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5760-0459)
- J. Takata (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-0129)
- Tomohiko Oka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9924-9978)
- V. Voitsekhovskyi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3906-4840)
- Pooja Bhattacharjee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0258-3831)
- G. Marsella
- C. Arcaro
- C. Aramo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8412-3846)
- Lluís Freixas Coromina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2015-9823)
- Lea Heckmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6653-8407)
- A. Arbet Engels (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9076-9582)
- P. H. T. Tam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-7375)
- David Geyer
- Lihong Wan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0086-8857)
- Christoph Toennis
- Katsuaki Asano
- G. Ceribella (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9768-2751)
- G. Bonnoli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2464-9077)
- L. Foffano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0709-9707)
- F. Schiavone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-3043)
- A. Stamerra (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9430-5264)
- L. Burmistrov
- Alessandro Costa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0344-8911)
- M. Teshima
- M. Doro
- D. Mazin
- Bernd Schleicher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8624-8629)
- A. Lamastra (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2403-913X)
- N. Giglietto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9021-2888)
- D. Dominis Prester (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9880-5039)
- Miguel J. A. Láinez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-922X)
- H. Katagiri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2347-8819)
- M. D. Rodríguez-Friás (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2550-4462)
- D. Nieto Castaño
- Raniere de Menezes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5489-4925)
- Kentaro Noda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3769-5099)
- S. Vercellone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-1396)
- R. Imazawa
- J. Houles
- M. Mallamaci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4068-0496)
- Elisa Visentin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8497-5985)
- J. Cortina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4576-0452)
- T. Hassan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4758-9196)
- G. Maurin
- Felix Schmuckermaier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2089-0277)
- T. Yoshikoshi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6045-9839)
- W. Rhode (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2636-5000)
- D. della Volpe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-7447)
- Arshia Ruina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6708-6580)
- Arnau Aguasca-Cabot (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8816-4920)
- S. Mičanović (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0076-3134)
- F. Longo
- M. Will
- D. Elsäesser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6796-3205)
- D. Ambrosino
- Ilaria Viale (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-5930)
- J. Martı́ (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5302-0660)
- G. Pirola (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2507-2612)
- T. Montaruli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5014-2152)
- M. Manganaro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1530-3031)
- Jakub Jurýšek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3130-4168)
- Davide Cerasole (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-756X)
- A. Okumura (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3055-7964)
- A. Cifuentes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1033-5296)
- Yusuke Inome
- M. Ohishi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5056-0968)
- Hiroyuki Kubo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-7941)
- David A. Green (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-9998)
- Irene Jiménez Martínez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2150-6919)
- A. Berti
- J. M. Miranda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-9690)
- Tomohiro Inada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-9314)
- R. López-Coto
- T. Schweizer
- P. Ottanelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6506-6674)
- Alessandro Vigliano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3508-4019)
- Dai Tateishi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0248-4064)
- A. Carosi
- Chiara Righi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1218-9555)
- Shuta Tanaka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8796-1992)
- Oibar Martínez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3353-7707)
- Lukas Nickel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7110-0533)
- P. Gliwny
- J. Kushida (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8002-8585)
- M. Cardillo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8877-3996)
- M. Makariev
- H. Takahashi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6314-5897)
- Takayuki Saito (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-1120)
- M. Peresano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-7334)
- Yuhua Yao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4611-0075)
- Giorgio Brunelli
- A. Morselli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7704-9553)
- L. A. Antonelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5037-9034)
- Y. Ohtani
- Y. Chai
- M. Palatiello (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4124-5747)
- L. Di Venere (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-824X)
- A. Bulgarelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-0649)
- C. Plard (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4061-3800)
- J. Bernete (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8108-7552)
- Felix Pfeifle
- N. Castrejón (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6847-8594)
- Gloria Maria Cicciari (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3885-051X)
- L. Lemoigne
- D. A. Sanchez⋆ (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7210-4496)
- Y. Suda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2692-5891)
- Carlos Barrera-Díaz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7547-8306)
- J. J. Lozano Bahilo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0613-140X)
- Yusuke Sato (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1807-8936)
- Marcos López (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8791-7908)
- Rune Michael Dominik (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4168-7200)
- Víctor Moya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9407-5545)
- S. Nozaki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-2767)
- J. Jiménez Quiles (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6729-5709)
- Juan Escudero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4131-655X)
- A. Chiavassa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-2589)
- Marie-Sophie Carrasco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6484-485X)
- F.R. Pantaleo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0144-5373)
- R. Mirzoyan
- A. Abhishek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5239-7905)
- H. Tajima
- A. Lorini
- M. Buscemi
- J. Giesbrecht Paiva
- R. Di Tria (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1088-5307)
- J. Herrera Llorente
- N. Godinović (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4674-9450)
- E. Pietropaolo
- K. Hayashi
- A. Fiasson
- S. Loporchio
- P. Da Vela (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-4517)
- M. Kagaya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2865-1361)
- F. Ferrarotto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5464-0378)
- A. Simongini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3416-9865)
- J. Kataoka
- F. Acero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-2816)
- M. Iori (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-0380)
- Jonas Hackfeld (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1003-6408)
- E. Mestre Guillen
- R. Orito
- S. Gunji
- L. Chytka
- D. Dorner
- D. Mandat
- F. Cassol
- M. Tluczykont
- D. Hrupec
- D. Paneque
- S. Nagataki
- M. Takahashi
- F. Di Pierro
- J. Becerra González
- G. Chon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1032-1970)
- M. Molero Gonzalez
- R. Del Burgo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5452-7452)
- A. Baktash (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-117X)
- K. Nishijima (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-4251)
- F. Giordano
- D Gasparrini
- M. Dalchenko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0137-136X)
- D. Hadasch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8663-6461)
- H. Costantini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4027-3081)
- Shosuke Inoue
- M. Iarlori
- Miroslav Hrabovský
- L. Barrios Jiménez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6006-175X)
- J Wójtowicz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5029-0196)
- Katherine C. Cheng
- Rafaela García López
- K. Abe
- D. Hui
- P. Aubert
- T. Tavernier
- T Mizuno
- E. Owen
- M. Chikawa
- Ia. Bezshyiko
- P.K.H. Yeung
- J.L. Contreras (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7282-2394)
- D. Kerszberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-1509)
- G. Martı́nez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-9383)
- Bastien Lacave
- H. Luciani
- J. Méndez-Gallego (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6222-5813)
- G. Borkowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1350-8981)
- Tomohiro C. Yoshida (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7708-6362)
- L. Nikolić (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8365-6701)
- J. Jahanvi
Institutions
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR)
- Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules (FR)
- Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation (FR)
- Centre de physique des particules de Marseille (FR)
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (FR)
- CEA Paris-Saclay (FR)
- Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (FR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Published
- 2025-02-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202452447
- Citations
- 8
- Primary Topic
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 14.96
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Sveučilište u Zagrebu
- European Commission
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Hrvatska Zaklada za Znanost
- Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Fundação Araucária
- Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku
- Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações
- Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation