Comorbidities And Risk Factors For COVID-19 In A Group Of Iraqi Patients Confirmed By Real-Time PCR Test

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major global contributor to mortality and morbidity. Genetic susceptibility plays a significant role in its etiology, particularly when CAD occurs prematurely. However, the relationship between premature CAD (PCAD) and specific genetic polymorphisms in the Iraqi population is still unclear. This aim of this study to assess the relationship between the KALRN gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs9289231T>G) and the development of PCAD in Iraqi patients. It also assesses the potential of serum Kalirin protein levels as a biomarker for PCAD. The study included 92 participants divided into two groups. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the KALRN SNP (rs9289231T>G), and the PCR products were analyzed via Sanger sequencing. Kalirin protein serum levels were measured using the ELISA technique. An association with statistical significance was found between the frequencies of genotypes and alleles of the KALRN SNP (rs9289231T>G) among the study groups, following a dominant genetic model. There was also a relationship between the genotypes of the KALRN SNP and CAD severity. Kalirin serum levels were significantly elevated in participants with CAD and were associated with the KALRN SNP genotypes. The KALRN SNP (rs9289231T>G) is associated with premature CAD in the Iraqi population, and follows a dominant genetic model. Elevated Kalirin serum levels, linked to the presence of the mutant allele, may serve as a biomarker for early diagnosis of the disease.