Estrogen deficiency and wound healing

Background: Wound healing is a complex process involving hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling, which can be delayed by factors like hormonal changes. Estrogen plays a crucial role in regulating inflammation, collagen production, and angiogenesis during healing. In postmenopausal women, the decline in estrogen levels due to ovarian function cessation often leads to impaired healing, increased chronic inflammation, and a higher risk of infection. These challenges highlight the need to further explore the relationship between estrogen deficiency and wound healing, especially in the aging population where chronic wounds are more common. Objectives: To review the relationship between estrogen deficiency, particularly in menopausal women, and its impact on the wound-healing process. Conclusion: Estrogen deficiency delays wound healing by disrupting key processes like inflammation regulation and re-epithelialization, while increasing infection risk. Addressing this imbalance is crucial for improving recovery, especially in menopausal women.