The role of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> in the development of alternative biofuels, under the concept of an integral one‐tree biorefinery: A minireview

Abstract The Moringa oleifera oil tree is commonly known as the ‘tree of life’ or the ‘miracle tree’ owing to its multiple benefits for humans. The different parts that make up this tree (leaves, seeds and bark) have been used to treat various ailments, diseases and wounds. However, in recent years this tree is being used by the scientific community to obtain various high value‐added products for the bioenergy sector. This review aims to compile various research works existing in the literature, which aim at the development and application of various high added value products for the bioenergy sector. These products include the extraction of lipids present in the seeds of this tree for the production of biodiesel, activated carbon for the manufacture of supercapacitors and electrodes for fuel cells, bio‐coagulant for water purification, the production of second‐generation bioethanol and the manufacture and development of various metallic nanoparticles. Furthermore, its leaves are being used for the development of green heterogeneous catalysts for the production of biodiesel, as well as being explored for bio‐hydrogen production. The main physicochemical properties and compounds of each of the parts that make up this tree are mentioned along with the different variables used to obtain these products and the main results obtained. It is expected that this review article will contribute to strengthening and carrying out new research work focused on the use of the M. oleifera tree for the bioenergy sector.