Solubility and Thermodynamic Analysis of 3(5)-Nitropyrazole in Different High Boiling Solvents

3(5)-Nitropyrazole is obtained by rearrangement of 1-nitropyrazole in high boiling organic solvents. In this paper, the solubility of 3(5)-nitropyrazole in 12 high boiling solvents (anisole, benzonitrile, mesitylene, o-dichlorobenzene, 1-octanol, benzyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, cyclohexanone, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylformamide, and isophorone) was determined using the static gravimetric method over the temperature range of 283.15–323.15 K. The experimental results revealed that the solubility of 3(5)-nitropyrazole exhibited a positive correlation with temperature. Under ambient conditions at 298.15 K, the solubility decreased in the following order: N,N-dimethylformamide (37.705 × 10–2), N-methylformamide (20.131 × 10–2), cyclohexanone (13.469 × 10–2), isophorone (11.957 × 10–2), dimethyl glutarate (6.667 × 10–2), benzyl alcohol (3.909 × 10–2), benzonitrile (2.915 × 10–2), 1-octanol (1.916 × 10–2), 2-ethylhexyl acetate (1.220 × 10–2), o-dichlorobenzene (0.666 × 10–2), anisole (0.688 × 10–2), and mesitylene (0.246 × 10–2). The solubility of 3(5)-nitropyrazole was fitted using the Apelblat equation, λh equation, NRTL model, and van’t Hoff model. The fitting results were evaluated using average relative deviation and RMSD. The NRTL model exhibited the best overall performance. The use of Hansen solubility parameters for solubility prediction and analysis has certain limitations.

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Publication Details

Journal
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data
Published
2025-02-18
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.4c00446
Citations
2
Primary Topic
Crystallization and Solubility Studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.04
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article

Solubility and Thermodynamic Analysis of 3(5)-Nitropyrazole in Different High Boiling Solvents

Pan Hong-xia, Jun Chen, Yong-zheng Liu, Linxiu Zhao et al.
2 citations
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data
Crystallization and Solubility Studies
1.04
article

Solubility and Thermodynamic Analysis of 3(5)-Nitropyrazole in Different High Boiling Solvents

Pan Hong-xia, Jun Chen, Yong-zheng Liu, Linxiu Zhao, Mingya Wang, Duanlin Cao
article en
2 citations

Abstract

3(5)-Nitropyrazole is obtained by rearrangement of 1-nitropyrazole in high boiling organic solvents. In this paper, the solubility of 3(5)-nitropyrazole in 12 high boiling solvents (anisole, benzonitrile, mesitylene, o-dichlorobenzene, 1-octanol, benzyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, cyclohexanone, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylformamide, and isophorone) was determined using the static gravimetric method over the temperature range of 283.15–323.15 K. The experimental results revealed that the solubility of 3(5)-nitropyrazole exhibited a positive correlation with temperature. Under ambient conditions at 298.15 K, the solubility decreased in the following order: N,N-dimethylformamide (37.705 × 10–2), N-methylformamide (20.131 × 10–2), cyclohexanone (13.469 × 10–2), isophorone (11.957 × 10–2), dimethyl glutarate (6.667 × 10–2), benzyl alcohol (3.909 × 10–2), benzonitrile (2.915 × 10–2), 1-octanol (1.916 × 10–2), 2-ethylhexyl acetate (1.220 × 10–2), o-dichlorobenzene (0.666 × 10–2), anisole (0.688 × 10–2), and mesitylene (0.246 × 10–2). The solubility of 3(5)-nitropyrazole was fitted using the Apelblat equation, λh equation, NRTL model, and van’t Hoff model. The fitting results were evaluated using average relative deviation and RMSD. The NRTL model exhibited the best overall performance. The use of Hansen solubility parameters for solubility prediction and analysis has certain limitations.

Journal of Chemical & Engineering DataVol. 70(3)
North University of China (CN), China North Industries Group Corporation (China) (CN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 28%
Crystallization and Solubility Studies
1.04
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Solubility and Thermodynamic Analysis of 3(5)-Nitropyrazole in Different High Boiling Solvents — Pan Hong-xia, Jun Chen, et al. · Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS