“We're not one-box issue people”: Intersectional perspectives on LGBTQ+ mental health in schools: A UK qualitative study with students, staff and training providers

There is limited intersectionality-informed, contextually diverse qualitative research on school experiences of LGBTQ+ students and links to mental health. Focusing on racialized, ethnic minority and religious/faith groups, this coproduced UK study examines how: 1) sexual and/or gender diverse students with intersecting minoritized identities experience school; 2) school environments could better support their mental health; and 3) what shapes school inclusion initiatives. In-depth interviews and focus groups were conducted with 22 staff members, 32 students (13-19 years), and nine LGBTQ+ school inclusion training providers. The sample was diverse across gender and sexual identity, race/ethnicity, religion and context. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, identifying three themes (and subthemes): 1) "What's important is putting the young person first" ('Minority stress: it's more stressful for me', 'We're in this together but who's in charge?', 'Prioritising students' needs and lived reality'), 2) "Move beyond viewing religious beliefs and culture versus LGBTQ+ inclusion as a zero-sum game" ('Faith clashes?', 'Fears about going there maintain distance'), and 3) "We need to talk: engaging with parents and school communities" ('Credible messengers', 'Finding ways into the conversation'). Findings emphasize the importance of intersectional perspectives. Also, a need to acknowledge historic and current oppressions shaping current perspectives on gender and sexual diversity; reflexivity and intersubjectivity in communication with parents, students and communities; greater intersectional representation; and raised awareness and disruption of inequity-creating norms. This requires policy-level support, guidance and resourcing to avoid widening inequities on socio-economic grounds and to prepare students to live within a mutually tolerant society.