Pythagorean Fuzzy TOPSIS Method of Excessive Hesitation

In cases where the comprehensive hesitation degree among experts in decision-making is excessively high, the calculation of the comprehensive evaluation index using the TOPSIS method may lead to asymmetric bias. To address this issue, a formula for the comprehensive evaluation index considering excessive hesitation is proposed, followed by the introduction of a Pythagorean fuzzy TOPSIS method that accounts for high hesitation. Initially, the Pythagorean fuzzy number is utilized to calculate the comprehensive hesitancy of the evaluation matrix by experts. Subsequently, when excessive hesitancy is detected, a ranking correction coefficient is proposed to adjust the comprehensive evaluation index, which helps to prevent misjudgment of the optimal solution and ensures the symmetry of optimal decision-making, thereby yielding a more accurate and reasonable ranking of alternatives. Finally, experimental examples demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.