Back-Contact Perovskite Solar Cell Modules Fabricated via Roll-to-Roll Slot-Die Coating: Scale-Up toward Manufacturing
We fabricate a type of back-contact perovskite solar cell based on 1.5 μm-width grooves that are embossed into a plastic film whose opposing "walls" are selectively coated with either n- or p-type contacts. A perovskite precursor solution is then deposited into the grooves, creating individual photovoltaic devices. Each groove device is series-connected to its neighbors, creating minimodules consisting of hundreds of connected grooves. Here, we report on the fabrication of groove-based devices using slot-die coating to deposit the perovskite precursor and explore the structure of the perovskite in the grooves using a range of microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. Significantly, our devices do not contain any expensive or scarce elements such as indium, indicating that this technology is both sustainable and low-cost. Furthermore, all coating processes explored here were performed using roll-to-roll processing techniques. Our technology is therefore completely scalable and is consistent with high-throughput, low-cost manufacturing.
Authors
- C. L. Woolley
- David Beynon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8189-9489)
- C. Neil Hunter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2533-9783)
- David G. Lidzey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8558-1160)
- George Koutsourakis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5552-1749)
- Graham J. Leggett (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-9076)
- Trystan Watson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8015-1436)
- Trevor McArdle
- Tamilselvan Velusamy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-2993)
- Rachel C. Kilbride (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3985-923X)
- Nathan Hill (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6486-652X)
- Tingxiang Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-842X)
- Dominic Blackburn
- James C. Blakesley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-4918)
- Balder A. Nieto-Díaz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1638-0613)
- Timothy Thornber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-3081)
- Andy Brown
- Fernando A. Castro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2409-8300)
- Christopher J. Wood (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6182-7779)
- Dumitru Sirbu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-941X)
- Molly Worth
- Ibrahim Albariqi
- Loukas Zampelis
Institutions
- National Physical Laboratory (GB)
- Swansea University (GB)
- Power Roll (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Al Baha University (SA)
- University of Sheffield (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- ACS Applied Energy Materials
- Published
- 2025-02-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02734
- Citations
- 10
- Primary Topic
- Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 7.30
Funders
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
- European Research Council
- Innovate UK