Influence of foliar fertilizing on yield and grain quality of emmer wheat in the conditions of the Pre-kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan

The purpose of the study is to assess the effect of foliar fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers on the productivity of emmer wheat. Field experiments were conducted in 2021-2023 on gray forest soils of Agrobiotechnopark LLC at the Kazan State Agrarian University. Agrochemical indicators of the site: humus content of 3.6%, mobile phosphorus according to Kirsanov in the modification of TSINAO 262 mg / kg, exchangeable potassium 125-185 mg/kg, soil acidity – 6.2 pH. The doses of mineral fertilizers were determined by the calculation and balance method to obtain 3 tons / ha of grain, which amounted to N35P23K5. Against the fertilizer background designed to yield 3 t/ha over the years of research, the yield increase according to the k-10456 sample was 0.35 t /ha, according to the Fleece variety 0.1 t /ha. The use of the fertilizer background and one foliar fertilizing N15 in the tube exit phase gave an increase of 0.53 t/ha for the k-10456 sample, and 0.1 t/ha for the Fleece variety. Two foliar fertilizing according to N7,5 in the phase of entering the tube and earing provided an increase of 0.67 t/ha according to the k-10456 sample, and 0.07 t/ha according to the Fleece variety. The background of mineral nutrition and foliar fertilizing contributed to the formation of a larger grain, compared with the control of emmer wheat, and also did not allow a large decrease in the mass fraction of protein in the grain.