Harmful organisms of cabbage and spring rapeseed in the conditions of the southern Urals and measures to combat them

The purpose of the research was to study the prevalence and harmfulness of common pests of spring rape and cabbage, including cabbage moth (Plutella xylostella) and the development of control measures in the conditions of the Southern Urals. The objects of research were varieties and hybrids of spring rapeseed and cabbage, harmful organisms and plant protection products. It was found out that more than 30 species and groups of harmful organisms cause some kind of damage to spring rapeseed and cabbage. The best results for the protection of spring rapeseed Flagship variety were obtained when treated with insecticides from pests, including cabbage moths according to the scheme: 1st treatment phase 3-4 real leaves, Tsepellin, CE – 0.15 l/ha + Dexter, CS – 0.3 l/ha at a working solution consumption of 200 l/ha; 2-treatment: phase – end of flowering, Rogor-C, CE – 1.0 l / ha + Tsepellin, CE – 0.15 l/ha + Bit 90, W – 0.2 l/ha, at the flow rate of the working solution – 300 l/ha. The biological efficiency against cabbage moth caterpillars was 97.4% with the highest yield in the experiment of 2.18 t/ha. The use of insecticides in different phases of growth and development of cabbage has allowed to preserve the harvest and provide an increase in yield. In the control (without treatments), the average yield for three years for the Gift variety was 12.5 t/ha, for the Favorite F1 hybrid – 14.9 t/ha. The use of protection scheme No. 1 on the Gift variety allowed to obtain a yield of 32.6 t/ha, on the Favorite F1 hybrid – 49.9 t/ ha, and schemes No. 2 – 31.6 t/ha Gift and 47.0 t / ha – Favorite F1.