Serum transferrin level in type-2 diabetic patients in association with sociodemographic profile and dietary habits

The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) involves lifestyle changes. Glycated hemoglobin levels have been found to decrease with proper management of T2DM, which includes medication and dietary adjustments high in key nutrients. Iron and transferrin levels are two of the markers associated with high blood sugar levels and the chance of developing type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, iron deficiency can worsen anemia, impaired kidney function, and heart failure in diabetics. To reduce the risk and treat diabetes, assessment of nutrition and lifestyle modifications is essential. Given the importance of dietary habits and sociodemographic factors for transferrin levels, individuals with diabetes with T2DM were the primary focus of this study, which has the objectives of determining the transferrin protein level in individuals with diabetes and contrasting the sociodemographic background and nutritional habits of diabetic individuals with their transferrin levels. Lahore Medical Research Center and Lahore Garrison University hosted the randomized (single-blinded) study. There were 80 diabetic individuals in the sample. The patients were divided into three groups based on their eating habits: normal nutrition, at high risk of malnutrition, and malnourished. Based on their sociodemographic characteristics, patients were classified as high class, middle class, or poor class. The calculations for statistical analysis were performed using GraphPad Prism (version 8.2). The study investigated the connection between dietary practices and sociodemographic characteristics and transferrin levels. Patients with a regular diet had the lowest transferrin levels, whereas those with a poor diet (malnourished) had the highest levels. In a comparable way, the sociodemographic profile revealed that the transferrin level was higher in the middle and lower classes and lower in the top class. The findings demonstrated the major role of dietary practices and sociodemographic characteristics in preserving normal transferrin levels in diabetic individuals. Given these findings, it may be worthwhile for future research endeavors to concentrate on examining the processes that determine dietary and sociodemographic factors that influence transferrin levels. Thus, initial transferrin level assessment may lead to appropriate therapy and a longer life expectancy in people with diabetes.