Rigid and Flexible Bronchoscopy in the Sitting Position A Case Report and Historical Review

Abstract Laryngotracheobronchial endoscopy techniques and equipment have rapidly advanced since the mid 1800's. Techniques and equipment continue to evolve as do the endoscopists. Older rigid equipment and endoscopy techniques have been rapidly replaced by the current modern flexible and video equipment training programs. Historically, sitting bronchoscopy has been utilized in both diagnostic and treatment situations. Upright positioning was more common when rigid bronchoscopy was the only option. As with many medical advances, older diagnostic and therapeutic techniques frequently are discarded and forgotten. Modifications in equipment have greatly reduced both the need for rigid and the need for the sitting position bronchoscopy. However, sitting or upright bronchoscopy utilization, usually flexible, continues on a limited basis at this time.