New designs and comparative analysis of multiband patch antennas for applications in C, X and Ku bands

This paper presents the design, simulation and analysis of a series of innovative patch antennas, focused on optimizing the use of space and materials. Through the implementation of fractal-based design techniques and other structural modifications, multiple configurations have been developed that operate in the C, X and Ku bands. The results obtained demonstrate that the proposed modifications allow achieving high gain, significantly reducing the size of the antennas and the amount of material used. In addition, the impact of various alterations in the antenna parameters has been explored, which has allowed identifying the most efficient configurations. This study contributes to the advancement in the design of compact and high-performance antennas, with various applications in these bands.